The importance of Strategic Planning in Companies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2839 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? For success in any growing business organisation, it is necessary to know where the firm is going and have a realistic vision for the future. Strategic planning gives the organization to have a road map and a direction to evolve over time in response to changing circumstances. It can be goal-based, scenario based, issue based or organic-based. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The importance of Strategic Planning in Companies" essay for you Create order The most common planning method used in most organisations is the goal-based strategic planning which revolves around the overall goal of the firm. The issues concerned with the strategic decision and planning are The overall scope of the organisation- which defines the purpose, vision and mission of the company. Positioning the organisation How to gain advantage over the competitors. Configuration of resources and competences. Values of stakeholders. Every successful organisation has a strategic plan that enables them to be on a winning streak. For example, the German automobile giant BMW had its unique strategy unveiled in the year 2007 which focussed on capital-efficiency targets, growth targets, expanding natural hedging, aggressive financial targets, increasing production and the possible establishment of a fourth brand. The notable thing perhaps is that the plan is till the year 2020 where it looks forward to reach its sales target of 1.8 million cars and S UVs by 2012 and more than 2 million by 2020. (www.autoobserver.com, Mitchelle Kerbs.) Such strategic planning helps the organisation to focus on their targets and channelling towards the plan. However developing strategic plan depends on the culture, leadership, complexity and scope of the organisation and differs widely based upon the market in which they want to compete and activities they are associated with. STRATEGY AT DIFFERENT LEVELS: There are three levels at which the strategic planning is made. Corporate level- It is the top level strategic planning which is done by the top management. The overall scope of the organisation remains the main concern here. The company should identify the type of business it should involve and the market which they compete. This level is most suitable for large companies with wide geographical locations and rich in product diversity. Decision making, at any point, heavily relies on the corporate level strategic planning. Taking the case of BMW, it found out that the market was strong in United Stated of America and hence decided to launch a plant at Spartanburg, South Carolina, which was a bold move. It was the first manufacturing plant outside Germany and it turned out to be one of the major success factors for the organization because today most of the BMW cars manufactured run on American soil. Such kind of decisions is taken by the top level management which falls under co rporate level planning. Business level- It focuses mainly on the products at different markets. Since an organisation can have diverse products, the strategy has to be planned in a proper manner which would create ideas to gain advantage over the rivals. Organisational level- It is concerned with the component part of an organisation. In order to achieve the overall task and travel by the strategic plan, it is necessary that the output is good at the operational level. STAKEHOLDERS: Anyone who is interested in an organisation becomes its stakeholders. It includes customers, suppliers, intermediaries, competitors, financiers and the government. Customers: Customers are the backbone of any industry and it is important for an organisation to see if they keep their customers happy and satisfied. Suppliers: Suppliers are those who give the manufacturers the basic raw materials needed to manufacture the products. Most of time suppliers are the main reason for the success of an organisation in the market. Intermediaries: Intermediaries are those who come between producers and the consumers. In most cases the consumer may not get the products directly from the producers. Competitors: They are an organisations rivals in the market. The company needs to monitor their competitors and their actions in order to keep pace with the competition that they provide. Government: The government of the nation in which the organisation operate might come up with laws and policies and thereby affection the business of the organisation. Financiers: They are the companys shareholders and it is always important for the organisation to keep them satisfied because they provide the money for the firm to operate. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS: Strategic analysis is nothing but knowing what is happening outside the company and understanding how it is going to affect your organisation. It is important to think of how the organisation is going to face the future. Various strategic analysis tools are PEST analysis, SWOT analysis, Scenario planning, the five forces and etc. PESTEL ANALYSIS: PESTEL analysis is one of the most popular tool which stands for Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal environment. Any business running actively is affected by all these factors. Let us see what these factors are and how they play their part in strategic planning. Political: Political arena is one of the major factors affecting the business of the organisation. Any business in the UK is affected by three types of government- local government such as Borough and County councils, Central government (the UK government) and the European government. Issues that are concerned with the political environment are How stable is the government? A stable government is the best suitable for any business organisation to grow. Most of the developed countries have a stable government which makes the business to grow economically. What is the type of government? Is it dictatorship, monarchy, democratic etc. Are the policies of government on marketing eth ics, employment laws and economy advantageous for the organisation? How are the trading agreements of government such as EU, ASEAN going to affect your business? Political factors affecting other factors: All the other factors are interlinked with the political environment in some way or the other. Any decisions taken by the government such as changes in the monetary and fiscal policy might affect the economy of the nation. Any newly introduced policy such as free medical and education funding for children would encourage people to have babies and an organisation which manufactures baby products will get benefited from such series of actions. Restrictions on excessive fuel emissions might force factories to adopt new technologies to mitigate it. For example, when the US came up with new policy about fuel efficiency requirement of cars in 2008, the Canadian carmakers who had a good market in America, struggled to restructure the engines of their motor vehicles. Microsoft Corp. in 2005 had to exports a different version of windows to Europe (windows which is stripped of mediaplayer) because it had issues with the European Union regulatory methods (Toronto Star, Jan2005). Hence the political environment plays a vital role in challenging the growth and existence of an organisation. Economical: Economical factors deals with the issues of tax, inflation rate, exchange rate, rises in living standards and the overall economic growth of the nation. When expanding a business, in a foreign nation especially, the organisation should analyse the trends and events in those environments to predict their business in future. Any change in the economy of the nation may cause drastic effects on the business. Taking the times of recession, let us see how it affects the business of an organisation. Ian Worthington et al (2003) noted that at the time of recession, the demand for the products decline rapidly. This would cause unemployment followed by fall in the economy of the nation. This would reduce the orders, workforce and then the output. Taxes are an important concept in economical environment. Government usually increase tax charges to increase the economy of the nation. One might question how it is going to affect the business of an organisation. If the income tax is increased, people receive less money in their pocket and that would affect their spending habits. By increasing the value added tax, people would have enough money in their pockets but the products are going to be too expensive for them to afford. So there would be less demand of products. Organisations usually adopt techniques like cost cutting to adapt to the economical changes in the nation. For example, increase in living standards lead to more people travel by car and there was considerable change in train usage by Londoners, especially by the commuters. Hence The Transport for London had to face this challenge in order to improve their business. This led to the technological improvement of the rail services and expanding it widely to attract commuters to use it. Socio cultural and demographic: People living in different places have different tastes and lifestyle. It i s important for an organisation to understand the social changes that occur in the environment in order to make sure their products meet the needs of the people. The tastes, requirements, lifestyle, income are some of the socio-cultural factors that might act as threats or opportunities for an organisation. (Thompson R, 2002). For example, peoples increasing concern for healthier lifestyle may provide an opportunity for gyms and health clubs whereas the same might be a threat for butchery shops. The organisations must deal with such challenges in a suitable manner by adapting to the local peoples culture and desires. Adrian Palmer and Bob Hartley (2009) say an individual learns norms of behaviour from a number of sources The dominant cultural values of the society in which they live. The social class to which they belong. Important reference groups, in particular the family. Technological: There has been considerable change in the technology in the last decade. The introduction of information technology and outsourcing has revolutionised the development of many organisations. Tele-marketing which would have been a joke decades ago is one of the popular techniques used in the marketing organisations. Advances in information technology are creating new products and marking old products more profitable to produce through things like computer-aided design (CAD). The effects they are having on the different functions carried out by businesses are- administration, communication, production, storage and distribution, electronic funds transfer at point of sale, the internet. (Worthington, I and Brighton, C. 2006) The organisations should watch out for the new technologies to manufacture their products well advanced when compared to their competitors. For example, BMW looks forward to adapt new car techniques and technology to face fuel emission problems. The German group has developed a fuel-saving technology that should make its cars 20 per ce nt more fuel efficient than those made by its competitors. It is also involved in hydrogen technology and has launched a hybrid petrol and electric car on November, 2009 (https://www.bmwblog.com/2007/11/09/bmw-to-create-eco-friendly-fourth-brand/comment-page-1/, BMW to create eco-friendly fourth brand). PORTERS FIVE FORCES MODEL: Porters (1985) model helps managers identify the factors that affect the intensity of competition within a particular industry. The model illustrates the relationship between different players and potential players in the industry. (Palmer A, Hartley B, 2002). The five forces are threat of entrants, power of suppliers, power of buyers, threat of substitutes and the intensity of rivalry. Threat of entrants: When the barriers to the entry are weak, it will attract new entrants much easier. When it becomes hard for outsider because of the economical conditions, barrier for entering into the market exists (Porter, 1980b; Sanderson, 1998). A new entrant may be a totally new organisation or a firm that already exists but in a different geographical location. The competition will be higher when there are many entrants in the market and it could change some of the major determinants such as market price and customer loyalty. If the new entrant has got a good brand loyalty for customers, it is trouble for the existing organisations. Source: www.themanager.org/models/p5f.htm/ For example, companies like Sony Corporation has so much brand loyalty to the customers that any kind of market they enter with an idea of launching new products would attract customers. Alternatively, new entrants may be from a different industry altogether. Yamaha Corporation, a Japanese musical instruments maker started making automobiles challenging the other dominant automobile makers in the Asian market. Power of suppliers: When the suppliers are less, the demand for raw materials become more and the suppliers tend to have more power. Recklies (2001) noted that the bargaining power of suppliers will be high when it becomes expensive to switch between the suppliers, when the market is dominated by few large suppliers than a fragmented source of supply, the suppliers customer is fragmented, there are not substitutes for that particular input and the buying industry has a higher profitability than the supplier industry. In such situations, the buying industry often faces a high pressure on margins from their suppliers. The relationship to powerful suppliers can potentially reduce strategic options for the organization. Power of buyers: When the demand is less and supply is more the buyers tend to have more power. This creates pressure on the organisations that will have to provide competitive market prices to sell the products. If the products has substitutes and can be easily replaced the power of buyers will be more. The other reasons are when the products can be manufactured by the customers themselves or when the size of the customers is very less. The grocery stores in the UK like TESCO and Sainsburys faces the challenge of buyer power since there are very few and large such stores in the market. Threat of substitutes: The traditional products in the market are under threat when there are more advanced products to replace them. For example, compu ters are the substitutes for typewriters which will get more attention since it is advanced. Substitutes may also rise when the price of the substitutes are cheaper and comes with a better quality. When the internet boomed, mail boxes and fax machines were replaced with a computer and a printer which could do the job much easier. The organisations will have to face the challenge that substitutes bring along and should either modify their products to suit the growing needs of the customers or adapt to the new technology. Intensity of rivalry: Competition arises when the rival companies offer the same product as the others in a cheaper price and better quality. Competition may also occur when there are more entrants. However rival organisations should not be confused with substitutes. Substitutes do not focus on the same products and consumer groups. For example, an emerging shopping mall will be a rival to an existing strong shopping mall but online retailing organisations such as amazon.com are the substitutes, where it becomes easy for people since it provides various shopping options at one touch. Johnson et al (2006) say that the factors directly affecting the degree of competitive rivalry is a sector are- competitor balance, industry growth rate, high fixed costs, high exit barriers, low differentiation. STRATEGIC CHOICE AND IMPLEMENTATION: A strategy which is chosen has to be able to face all the challenges faced by the organisation due to the factors described in detail. Strategies are at different levels and the decisions have to be made at all these levels when it comes to choosing the right strategy. Johnson et al (2006) postulates that the executives at these levels will be facing situations where they have to pick from the options which not only meets the requirements of the customers but also satisfies the organisations stakeholders. For example, managers at a commercial bank should go for a strategy that not only ensures they meet the needs of the clients but the one that also meets expectations of the organisations stakeholders. The strategy at corporate level should be drafted in such a way that it adds value to the various business units operating in the organisation. This applies not only to the large multinational companies but also to the smaller level business. Consider an investment company which d eals with various sectors such as banking, mortgage and hedge funds. There are various sections the firm will have to deal with and the way each segment in the organisation function in order to achieve overall success is different from each other. The existence of harmony between these different segments results in a synergy. Synergy is produced when these different processes in the organisation are in support of each other and their combined effect becomes larger than their outcomes when operated separately. The corporate level strategy should make sure this synergy is attained. Implementation of strategy should be done in a proper way to ensure the plan is followed in the way it is intended to be. All the employees in the organisation and the middle management have to take part seriously in order to render the plan into action. CONCLUSION: Thus it is discussed how an organisation is affected by the external and internal factors and how the strategic plan becomes advantageous when it meets the expectations of stakeholders. The strategy is successfully analysed using Porters five forces model and PESTEL model and the ways to face the challenges provided by the changing environment are discussed. Finally, it is apparent from the research that when the strategy is analysed, formulated, chosen and implemented productively, the success of the organisation is certain.

An Analysis Of Ruth Gomberg Munoz s Labor And Legality...

Etic and Emic Analysis of Culture In Ruth Gomberg-Muà ±oz’s book, Labor and Legality: An Ethnography of a Mexican Immigrant Network, she allows us to enter the everyday lives of ten undocumented Mexican workers all living in the Chicago area. Ruth Gomberg-Muà ±oz refers to Chuy, Alejandro, Leonardo, Luis, Manuel, Omar, Rene, Roberto, Lalo, and Albert the ten undocumented Mexicans as the â€Å"Lions†. This book shares the Lions many stories from, their daily struggle of living as an undocumented immigrant in America, to some of them telling their stories about crossing the border and the effects of living in a different country than their family, and many other struggles and experiences they have encountered. Ruth Gomberg-Muà ±oz’s book delves into†¦show more content†¦This is true as because of their hard work they gain the trust of their employer and can set their family up with jobs which allows for more financial stability and more income for the family. Although conversely, they a re conforming to a stereotype that can cause employers to take advantage of illegal immigrants just like them. This bring me to the next value that all the Lions have and that is trust. We can see that trust is an important part of their lives because they trusted many people on their journey across the border, to getting a job and then in trusting their neighbors and employers not to tell the government about them being in the United States illegally. Furthermore, from the personal information given to us in the beginning of the book we see that the Lions share the cultural ideal, â€Å"Never forget your roots† as Gomberg-Muà ±oz writes, â€Å"Although they work as many as sixty hours a week, they make time to get together every Wednesday in the summer to play soccer, and Sundays are good days for impromptu get-togethers with ample Mexican food and beer† (Gomberg-Muà ±oz 2011, 10). This shows me that all the Lions value nationalism very highly and have great pride i n being Mexican. I specifically want to focus on Alberto as he is different than the other Lions in that he doesn’t want to stay in the United States he wants to

Masai Mara free essay sample

Introduction Masai Mara is The park of parks in Kenya. Its grass-carpeted smooth hills, the chocolate Mara river waters with frolicking hippos, as well as the rich faunal diversity, fulfill the expectations of any visitor searching the African landscapes portraited in motion pictures such as Out of Africa or Mogambo. The Masai Mara is Kenyas finest wildlife sanctuary . It is a large park reserve in south-western Kenya, which is effectively the northern continuation of the Serengeti National Park game reserve in Tanzania. Named for the Maasai people (the traditional inhabitants of the area) and the Mara River, which divides it, it is famous for its exceptional population of game and the annual migration of zebra and the wildebeest from the Serengeti every year from July to October, a migration so immense it is called the Great Migration. Its twenty or more lion prides are an attraction Maasai live within the dispersal area with their stock but centuries of close association with the wildlife has resulted in an almost symbiotic relationship where wildlife and people live in peace with one another. We will write a custom essay sample on Masai Mara or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Location The Masai Mara lies about 270 km from Nairobi and takes about 5 hours by road. How to Reach? There are scheduled flights, twice daily from Wilson Airport Nairobi, which take about 40 45 minutes. Mara Serena Airport, Musiara Airport and Keekorok Airport are located in the Reserve area of the Masai Mara. Mara Shikar Airport, Kichwa Tembo Airport and Ngerende Airport are located in the Conservation area of the Masai Mara Climatic Condition Masai Maras location and altitude, above 1,500 m, yield a climate which is milder and damper than in other regions. The grassy landscape and the nutrient wealth for the great herds are mantained by the abundant rains, which here last from November through June, as a fusion of the two rain seasons (long and short) typical in other Kenya areas. Night storms are frequentThe climate is gentle, rarely too hot and well spread rainfall year round. Rain, when it falls almost always chooses the late afternoon or night Best time to go Although July, August and September are the months when the Mara plains are filled with migrating wildebeest and zebra, there is much resident wildlife year round. Apart from the better known species Useful Information The BBC Television show Big Cat Diary is filmed in both the Reserve and Conservation areas of the Masai Mara and highlights scenes from the Reserves Musiara marsh area and the Leopard Gorge and Fig Tree Ridge areas of the Conservation area. Accommodation Accommodation ranges from stone built lodges to luxury tented camps. The area to the North owned by the Maasai offers great game-viewing, game walks and night games. Safari operators set up private camps for small groups seeking exclusive and traditional safaris out of the Reserve. In the Reserve are four tented camps and two lodges. Recommended Hotels 1. Fairmont Mara Safari Club 2. Sarova Mara Game Camp 3. Mara West 4. Mara Leisure Camp Things to Do in Masai Mara National Reserve 1. Mara Triangle An area of 197 square miles that was set aside as a Game Reserve in the late 1940s. (In 1968, 386 adjacent square miles were added to create the Masai Mara National Reserve. ) The Mara Triangles boundaries are the Esoit Oloololo (Siria) Escarpment, the Mara River and the Tanzanian border. 2. Mara River This river is a focal point of the annual migration path of the wildlife in the Masai Mara reserve. In the river, hippo submerge at the approach of a vehicle only to surface seconds later to snort and grumble their displeasure . Hot Air Balloon Safari A well worth it and recommended activity in the Masai Mara National Reserve is the hot air balloon safari. Early in the morning, you will be woken and driven to the departure site. Once in the air, the view of the surrounding landscape, the rising of the sun between the mountains and the congregation of the animals at the r iver is beautiful. This all concludes with a champagne breakfast and memories of a lifetime. 4. Serian Safari 5. Musiara Swamp Excellent game-watching location to see lion, leopard, cheetah, elephant, giraffe. 6. Olypunyata Swamp 7. Eluai Plain Unique About it 1. The great herds of shuffling elephants browse among the rich tree-studded grasslands with an occasional sighting of a solitary and ill-tempered rhino. 2. Here. Thomsons and Grants gazelle, topi and eland and many more species of plains game offer a rich choice of food for the dominant predators 3. The annual migration of wildebeests, zebras and gazelles from the plains of the Serengeti that cross the Tanzanian border and rivers to reach the Maras grasslands from late June, tracked by predators: lion, leopard, cheetah, and hyena, and circled by vultures as their journey unfolds. . Apart from the seasonal migration, gameviewing is excellent year round. Game includes elephant, black rhino, buffalo, plains zebra, hartebeest and big cats. The rivers are home to hippo and crocodiles. 452 species, 53 of which are raptors 5. There are numerous opportunities to add some of the rare and less frequently seen animals to the visitors checklist. 6. The gentle rolling grasslands ensure that animals are never out of sight. 7.

Lies My Teacher Told Me. Examples in Summary Essay

The book criticizes erroneous approach of the majority of textbooks in history There can be no surprise that the school is the place which forms the basis for the development of critical thinking of many people. Children get their basic knowledge in the most important disciplines. One of the most important disciplines is history: there is even the famous saying that people / nations who do not know their past are doomed to repeat it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Lies My Teacher Told Me. Examples in Summary Essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Of course, American scholars understands the importance of students’ understanding of past events, however, some academics claim that there are too many controversies in history that are not revealed in textbooks on history which can produce negative consequences for the development of the entire nation. One of such academics is James Loewen who considers the con troversies of history education in the USA in his famous Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong. The entire book is permeated with the idea that students in schools are taught â€Å"refined† history which distorts their perception of reality. Loewen states that the vast majority of textbooks provide only one-faceted opinion, they present the â€Å"Disney version of history† omitting controversies and blemishes in the American history (Loewen 27). He also states that such erroneous approach to history education can lead to wrong passive position of people who believe in their heroic country which had no difficulties throughout its history. The role of text-books in education and their drawbacks Loewen points out that the majority of people in the USA know the history of their country from the school course and the textbooks. He states that many textbooks have few references to secondary sources. Thus, Loewen stresses that there is a large gap between the knowledge of historians and the amount of facts the rest of Americans are taught (Loewen 267). Moreover, Loewen provides the results of the research held in 1990 which revealed that 40% of teachers (who participated in the research) had a B.A. or M.A. (Loewen 280). This situation only contributes to the fact that students get information about the history from their textbooks only. Of course, not only textbook authors but teachers as well try to omit any controversies in history. It is easier to enumerate particular names, dates and events without discussing various backgrounds, downsides and impacts on the further development. Thus, textbooks authors pick up some historic events that seem to them heroic or essential and omit many other details associated with these events.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unrevealed Wilson’s blemishes One of such erroneous representation of facts is illustrated by the period of Woodrow Wilson being the President of the USA. According to Loewen numerous textbooks depict this personality as a hero who led glorious policy, but in reality introduced many controversial changes in political and social life of the country (Loewen 25). For instance, Loewen pays a lot of attention to Wilson’s racism and anti-communism (Loewen 25). There is no information in the majority textbooks as for Wilson’s policies in these areas. Numerous textbooks omit mentioning suppression of African-American people. It was Wilson who succeeded in depriving African-Americans from their rights; for instance, even positions in government which were assigned for African-American during Wilson’s presidency were occupied by white Americans. Many textbooks ascribe the witches hunt to Wilson’s government not him, but, in fact, he was a great supporter and initiator of many anti-communism campaigns (Loewen 29). Th us, textbooks in history have created a heroic president instead of a man who made many mistakes, however, at the same time introduced lots of positive changes. Positive example of Lincoln’s development remains unexploited Another good illustration of the wrong representation of historic events which Loewen provides is another American president, Lincoln. Loewen stresses that correct depicting of this remarkable leader can be very useful for the development of analytical skills of students who could learn that politics address every audience in different ways and that it is important to analyze officials’ words rather than take them literally (Loewen 172). Moreover, the â€Å"internal struggle† of this man can be a very good example how people can develop under the pressure of circumstances (Loewen 172). Loewen points out that it is essential to provide different points of view instead of trying to create positive image of the country and the government. People should understand that sometimes their government may act inadequately, erroneously. Students should learn about various blemishes in the history of their country to be ready to some controversies in their real life. Social controversies are also unrevealed in textbooks Loewen also mentions that textbooks in history are often produced from the perspective of the upper-class. He states that such sources omit dwelling upon some social issues since a â€Å"theory of social justice† can hardly be in line with the data about wealth distribution in the country (Loewen 206). Another disputable question is a depiction of immigrants. As a rule, textbooks in history reveal successful stories of immigrants who became respectable members of society, but they do not dwell upon those difficulties immigrants had to cope with (Loewen 195). According to Nieto Loewen raises very important issues in his book: he stresses the importance of presenting different points of view on the same event or personality (Nieto 44).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Lies My Teacher Told Me. Examples in Summary Essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The â€Å"linear and fixed† representation of events from the perspective of the dominant group makes student think that they are â€Å"passive in making any changes† (Nieto 44). Of course, such dangerous perception should be changed. Loewen’s suggestion to problem solution Loewen stresses that students should be able to analyze the historic events carefully and make corresponding conclusions. He suggests a possible way out and states that it can be helpful to include fewer events in textbooks and pay significant attention to discussion of controversies or different points of view on the same event (Loewen 309). Thus students will be able not only to remember some important landmarks in the history, but will understand the background of these events and their impacts on the modern life. Of course, students will have critical perception of the reality and will be able to influence the course of history when it is necessary. The main idea of the book Thus, the main idea Loewen reveals in his book Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong is that students should have the opportunity to consider various points of views and different facets of the same historic event to have the right perception of the past, present and future. Students should know about the controversies of the American history to respond adequately to different events taking place in the contemporary times. Students should know that not only wise government is responsible for the development of their countries: first of all, each person should make the necessary contribution to build a strong and really democratic state. Works Cited Loewen, J.W. Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong. New York: New Press, 1995. Nieto, S. Language, Culture, and Teaching: Critical Perspectives for a New Century. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002. This essay on Lies My Teacher Told Me was written and submitted by user Roger E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.